Women in Indian cities face a mobility crisis rooted in patriarchal control over their physical movement in public life. Studies estimate that women's mobility rate in urban India is as low as 47%, and nearly half of urban women are not "allowed" to step out alone. Transgender persons and other gender minorities report lack of access to safe public transport.
In this context, public transport can either reinforce these constraints or help dismantle them. The design of buses, the location of stops, the timing of services, the presence or absence of lighting and toilets, the behaviour of staff and co-passengers — all of these shape whether women can move freely, safely, and with dignity. Fare is one major barrier but we work on the full spectrum of gendered accessibility, which includes quality infrastructure and safety by design to transform public transport into genuinely inclusive spaces for women and transgender persons.
Related Research & Action
Report · 2024
Riding the Justice Route
Comprehensive study documenting how Delhi's Pink Ticket scheme enabled greater independence in women's physical mobility, with 67% reporting increased confidence to travel alone.
Report · 2024
Fare-Free Future: Women's Perspectives on Mumbai
Mumbai survey revealing women's demands for not just fare-free travel but also better bus stops with proper seating and shelter.
Report · 2021
Survey of Bus Use in Delhi
Survey highlighting safety concerns and the need for measures like 'request stops' to make buses safer for women and LGBTQ community members.
Media Coverage
Ideas for India · 2025
Fighting Gender Inequality Through Mobility
Analysis of how fare-free buses enhance women's confidence to commute independently and reduce physical strain from long walks.
The India Forum · 2025
A Free Ticket Can Be a Ticket to Freedom
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